Names' Umar, Luckab Farooq, and Qunyat Abu Hafs. Father Khatab and mother Hantama. A descendant of the 'Adi tribe of the Quraish tribe. By the name of 'Ka'b, the eighth-highest man of Umar, the Messenger of Allah. His nubs are combined with nubs. His father Khattab is a prominent man of Quraish descent. Mother 'Hantama' is the daughter of Hisham Ibn Mughira, the famous commander of the Quraish tribe. Khalid Bin Walid, one of the great commanders of Islam, is the grandson of Munira. At the foot of the 'Jabal' Aqib of Mecca, Bani 'A' di ibn Ka'b settled in the Gentile era. Here was the residence of Hadrat 'Umar. In the Islamic era, the hill was named after 'Umar's name' Jabal 'Umar' - 'Umar's hill. [Ibn Saad 3/66 in Tabaqah]
Umar's cousin, Zaid bin Nufail. Before the advent of the Prophet Muhammad, Zaid was one of those who abandoned idolatry with the help of their own intellect, who had become Tawhid in Arabia. Messenger of Allah. Thirteen years after his birth. He died at the age of the Prophet. 5 years of age. However, historians disagree about his birth and the birth of Islam. The color of the body is bright blonde, pale head, bald fleshless, thick beard, thick two sides long and thick and body length. He was the tallest of thousands of people.
Little is known about his birth and childhood. Ibn Asakir on his date 'Amr bin' Asa. Quotes a description from. It is reported that one day, 'Amr bin' As is sitting with some friends, while Hai Chai is heard. Upon learning of the news, Khattab has a son. Based on this description, it seems that a number of celebrations took place during the birth of 'Umar. The condition of his youth is almost unknown. Who knew that this simple monotonous young man would one day become 'Farooq Azam'? As a teenager, 'Umar's father used him as a camel keeper. He used to cultivate camels in a place called 'Dajanan' near Mecca. During his Khilafat he once crossed the field and recalled the childhood of his companions, thus saying: 'There was a time when I wore woolen clothes in the fields at sunrise. Khattab was a very strict and humble person. I was brutally beaten by my father when I was tired and rested. But today comes the day when there is no one to rule over me except one Allah. [Tabakat 3/266-76]
At the beginning of his youth, he mastered the non-teaching subjects of the then aristocratic Arabs, such as war, wrestling, lectures, and genealogical education. He inherited the pedigree or nubsnama vidya. Both his father and grandfather were specialists in this field. He was one of the best wrestlers of his era. He wrestled at the Arabs' Ukaz Fair. Allama Yubayani says: 'Umar was a staunch wrestler.' He was a renowned Arabian horseman. Allama Zahiz says: 'When Umar was riding a horse, it seemed that his body was mixed with the skin of a horse.' Almost all of the poets of that time were famous poets. He is indeed the founder of the science-based genre of Arabic poetic criticism. Reading his views on language and literature can be seen in the extent to which he was occupied. Bagmati was his innate quality. In his youth, he learned some studies. Balazuri writes: 'Rasul Karim Sa. At the time of receiving the Prophecy, only seventeen people in the entire Quraish family knew how to read and write. One of them is' Umar.
Trade and commerce were the honorable professions of the Arabs of the Gentile era. 'Umar also started a business and made considerable progress. On business occasions, he traveled to far distances and got acquainted with many knowledgeable societies. Masoodi said: 'Umar. During the illiterate era, he traveled to Syria and Iraq on business trips. As a result, many of the kings of Arabia and Azam had the opportunity to associate with the king. ' For this reason, the Quraishi's always employed him as a fraud. He was sent as a messenger to settle any dispute with other tribes. "[Al-Farooq: 1]" Umar's adoption of Islam is a fascinating event. For the sake of his cousin Zaid, the message of Tawheed in his lineage was not new. The first of them was Saeed Islam, the son of Zaid. Saeed again married 'Umar's sister Fatima. Fatima also accepted Islam with her husband. Naeem bin Abdullah, another prominent man of the Umar family, also embraced Islam. But even then, 'Umar did not know anything about Islam. When you first heard of Islam, it started to burn in anger. He became the ultimate enemy of those who embraced Islam in his clan. It was learned that one of his maids by the name of 'Labine' had also embraced Islam. Those who had power over him carried out cruel persecution. At one point he decided that Muhammad was the main preacher of Islam. Have to be removed from the world. The word that works.
Dissociated from Anas Ibn Malik. Omar goes 'hanging on the sword shoulder'. Meet a man (ideally Naeem bin Abdullah) on the way. He asked: Where is' Umar? He said: To make a point of Muhammad. The man said, Muhammad (sm). How to save Bani Hashim and Bani Zuhara from the side? On hearing this, 'Umar said: It seems that you too have renounced paternalism. The man said: 'Omar, hear wonderful news, your sister-in-law has become illiterate. They have left your religion. (In fact, the man's intention was, 'to turn Omar away from his goal.') So enraged at hearing this, 'Umar ran to his sister-in-law's house. Umar's door at the door. There was a crash. The two were then learning the Qur'an near Khabab bin Al-Ararat. Upon receiving a glimpse of 'Umar, Khabab hid in another room of the house. 'Omar's sister and sister-in-law first asked: You hear a lot of noise here, what is it? They were reciting Surah Taha in the Qur'an. They replied: We were talking among ourselves. 'Umar said: Probably you two have been apostates. Bhagavata said: "What will you do if you have truth other than your religion?" '' Umar jumped on his sister-in-law and began to rub her in two. When her sister came to save her husband, 'Umar grabbed her and beat her so that his face became bloody. The sister became enraged and said: If the truth is from somewhere other than your religion, then I testify, there is no god other than Allah, and I testify more, Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.
Shortly before this happened, there was a rift between 'Umar. The Quraish were unable to turn one over to the cruel persecution of Muslims in Mecca. Muslims have quietly taken everything in their head. He has left home and has not left Islam. It took a hit in 'Umar's mind. He was swinging in a dilemma. Today the blood of the eyes and mouths of his beloved sibling, the testimony of his truth, gave him such a push that all his contradictions flew like a corporeal. At that moment the heart began to shine in the light of His truth. He cleansed and began to read the portion of Surah Ta'ba from his sister's hand. After reading it, he said: I am Muhammad. Bring it near 'When Umar heard this, Khabab came out of the house. He said: 'Good news' Omar! On Thursday night, the Prophet. Prayed for you I hope it is accepted. He said: 'Allah,' strengthen Islam through 'Umar ibn al-Khattab or' Amr ibn Hisham. ' Now at the foot of Safar, in 'Darul Akram'.
Omar walked towards Dar al-'Akam. Hammah and some other companions along with Talha then guarded at the door of Arkham's house. 'When they saw Umar, they were terrified. However, Hamza consoled: "If Allah wants the welfare of Umar, he will embrace Islam and follow the Messenger. Otherwise, it would be very easy for us to kill him. Messenger of Allah. Inside the house, The revelation was then revealed to him. Shortly afterward he left and came to 'Umar. 'Umar grabbed his clothes and his sword and said:' Umar, will you not be deterred? '…. Then he prayed: 'O Allah,' Umar is before me, O Allah, 'strengthen the deen by Umar.' As soon as he accepted Islam, he called out: "O Messenger of Allah, get out of the house." Imam Zuhri narrates Rasulullah (sm). Upon entering Darul Arkam, 'Umar embraced Islam. Prior to that, a total of four or more men and women converted to Islam. 'After Umar's adoption of Islam, Gabriel A. Said: "Muhammad," The inhabitants of the sky rejoiced at Umar's conversion. "[Tabaqat: 3/269]
Umar's adoption of Islam marks the beginning of a new chapter in the history of Islam. Even though 1/3 of the people had embraced Islam and Hazrat was among them, it was not safe for the Muslims to go to the Kaaba and say that they were distant as Muslims. This situation changed with the adoption of 'Umar in Islam. He publicly declared Islam and began praying with others in the Kaaba. 'Umar said. Said: I thought about that night after I embraced Islam, the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) among the people of Mecca. Who is the most staunch enemy? I will go and tell him about my Islam. I thought Abu Jahl was the biggest enemy. In the morning I knocked on his door. Abu Jahl came out and asked, "What do you think?" I believed in him and obeyed the commandments and the words that he had brought.
Thus, for the first time, the pagan power of Mecca faced a public challenge. Saeed Inbal Musayyab said: "Islam took its form in Mecca after its conversion." Abdullah bin Masud said. He said: 'Umar started a dispute with the Quraish after accepting Islam. In the end, he stopped praying in the Kaaba. We too prayed with him. [Tabakat: 9/21] So the Messenger of Allah. He was awarded the title of 'Al-Farooq'. This is because of him, there was a clear division between Islam and unbelief. Messenger of Allah. He said: 'In the tongue and heart of Umar, Allah has fixed the truth. So he is 'Farooq'. Allah distinguishes between Him from truth and falsehood. [Tabakat: 3/270]
In Mecca, the persecution of the polytheists was rampant, the Prophet. Ordered them to emigrate to Madinah. Abu Salama, Abdullah bin Ashal, Bilal and 'Ammar bin Yasir, after the emigration to Madinah, along with twenty other relatives, stepped foot towards' Umar Madinah. Among them were his brother Zaid, his brother's son Saeed and son-in-law Khunis. He took refuge in the house of Rifa 'ibn Abdul Munjir in the Cuban village on the outskirts of Medina. 'There was a special difference between the Umrah and the Hijrat. The Hijrat of others was silent. Unaware of all And Omar's custody was open. Among them was the tone of challenge and rebellion against the Quraish. Prior to his journey from Mecca to Madinah, he first performed the Ka'ba. Then he went to the Quraish and announced that I was going to Madinah. If anyone wants to give his son mourning, he should face me on the other side of the valley. Throwing such a challenge, he made his way straight to Madinah. But no one dared take the challenge. [Tariqul Ummah Al-Islamiyah: Khidri Beck, 1/198]
It is known through various descriptions, that the Messenger of Allah. At various times, Umar established a religious brotherhood with different people. Abu Bakr Siddiq, 'Uwais bin Saeeda, Ativan bin Malik and Mu'az bin Afra. Was' Umar's twin brother. However, it is certain that after the Hijrah in Madinah, his religious brotherhood was established with the leader of the Bani Salem, Ativan bin Malik. [Tabaqat: 9/22] From the first year of Hijri to the Prophet Muhammad. Until then, 'Umar said. The career of Prophet Muhammad. It is a part of working life. The Prophet said. There is not a single event that has to be waged, waged a treaty, or a number of laws have to be introduced from time to time, and the method of propagation of Islam that has been performed without the active participation of 'Umar. Therefore, if you want to write down the details of these incidents, it will be 'Umar. Without being a biographer, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Becomes a biography. His working life was the Messenger of Allah. Intimately involved with life.
Hadrat 'Umar Badr, Uhud, Khandak participated in all wars with the Prophet. He also led a number of other 'Caritas' (in which small expeditions did not himself come to the Prophet). In each case, he started to advise and arm the Badr war. Work strongly with you. His advice to the prisoners of the Battle of Badr was to please Allah. His special role in this war is as follows:
১. In this war, people from every branch of the Quraish clan joined; But not a single man from Bani 'A' di (ie' Umar's family) joined. 'This is what happened to Umar.
2. In the war against Islam, a total of twelve people were joined by 'Umar with his clan and contract people.
৩. In this battle, Hadrat 'Umar killed his own uncle, Asi ibn Hisham. He was the first to prove by this murder that the influence of a loved one on the path of truth cannot prevail.
Hadhrat Umar also fought in the Uhud war. He was a pioneer. At one point in the war, when the Muslim soldiers faced disaster and Rasool (sm). The injured, along with a handful of companions, took shelter in a safe place on the mountain, when the Quraysh leader Abu Sufyan approached and spoke loudly to Muhammad, Abu Bakr. Calling on the head's name, he asked, "Are you alive?" Messenger of Allah No one answered Abu Sufyan in the indictment. With no response, Abu Sufyan declared: "They have all been killed." He could not stand. "He said:" O enemy of Allah! We are all alive. ”Abu Sufyan said,“ O Ulu win Hubble-Hubble. ” In reply, 'Umar replied:' Allah is Allah and Allah - Allah is great and honorable. '
Umar also played an active role in the Battle of the Trench. Umar was in charge of protecting a special place in the trenches. Even today there is a mosque by his name announcing his memory. One day in this battle he was so busy defending that his prayer was begun in Fawat. Messenger of Allah. He comforted him and said: 'Because of busyness I have not been able to pray even now.' [Al-Farooq: Shibli Nu' mani: 23] Before the oath of Hudaibiyyah, Hazrat Umar began preparations for war. He sent his son Abdullah to fetch a horse from an Ansari. He came in and reported, 'People are the Messenger of Allah. Omar walks in. " In this situation, he ran with the Messenger of Allah. Pledge in hand. The terms of the Treaty of Hudaibiya seemed outrageous to Muslims on the outside. 'Umar got excited. First Abu Bakr, then the Prophet himself. He protested against the treaty. Messenger of Allah. He said: "I am the Messenger of Allah. I would not do anything except Allah's command. "Umar calmed down. He repented. He made the expiation of the prostitute by fasting, praying, performing slaves and charity.
The Jews had many fortified fortresses in Khyber. A few won easily. But both could not be won. Messenger of Allah. The first day Abu Bakr, the second day sent 'Umar to conquer the fort. Both of them returned in vain. The third day the Prophet. He announced: "Tomorrow I will hang the hand of a person to whom Allah will give victory." Appeared in the court. The desire to achieve this glory in the hearts of everyone. 'Umar said:' I have never been lured into the army or the chieftain except by this incident in Khyber. ' Hadrat 'Umar said. The fate of his fate made him aware of the road to Allah. This is the first known lesson in the history of Islam. [Al-Farooq: 30] Hazrat 'Umar said during the conquest of Mecca. Like the shadow of the Prophet. Support me When Abu Sufyan, the enemy of Islam, surrendered, 'Umar Rasulullah (sm). He requested: 'Let him finish his post now.' In the hands and women of the Prophet. At the command 'Umar was taking the oath.
Hadrat 'Umar also fought valiantly in the Hunayn expedition. Twelve thousand Muslim troops were dispersed during the intense attack of the infidels in this war. Ibn Ishaq said: Only a few heroes of Muhajir and Ansar were sent to the Messenger of Allah during this time of danger. Was firm with? Among them are Abu Bakr, 'Umar and Abbas. The name is especially noteworthy. During the Tabuk expedition, the Messenger of Allah. Responding to the petition, Hazrat Umar said. Half of his total wealth was from the Prophet. Hand it over Messenger of Allah. Hadrat 'Umar sat for a while, hearing the news of the time. Then went to the Prophet's Mosque and released the sword and declared, 'Who will say that the Messenger of Allah. They said, "I will bite his head." The amount of his devotion and love towards him can be easily estimated.
Messenger of Allah. After a long discussion of 'Sakifa Bani Sa'ida', Umar made a hasty decision and took the oath of Khilafat in the hands of Hadrat Abu Bakr. As a result, the great crisis of the caliphate elections was easily cut off. When Abu Bakr realized the end of his time had come near, he considered it advantageous to nominate the next Caliph before his death. In his view, 'Umar said. He was the most worthy person of the Caliphate. Nevertheless, it seemed prudent to consult with high-level disciples. He said Abdur Rahman bin Auf. Called, "Tell me what you think of Umar." He said: "He is better than anyone, but there is some rigor in his character. "Abu Bakr said:" Because he saw me as a gentleman, the hardness of the caliphate would be greatly reduced if he fell on his shoulders. "Then Abu Bakr requested that the matter be discussed with him. Then he called 'Usman ibn Affan. He said, "Abu Abdillah," tell me your opinion of Umar. "Usman said: You know him more than me. Abu Bakr said: Nevertheless let me know your opinion. 'Uthman said: The more I know him, the better is his inside. There is no other second like him. Abu Bakr said. The two of them requested him to keep the matter secret and bid him farewell.
Thus, after receiving the opinion from different people, he summoned Usman ibn Affan and gave the dictation: 'Rahimir Rahim of Bismillah. This is a pledge by Muslims to Abu Bakr ibn Abi Kuhafa. Ammabad '- after saying so much he lost his definition. Then 'Uthman ibn Affan himself added:' I have chosen Umar ibn al-Khattab as the Caliph for you and made no mistake in your welfare efforts in this regard. ' After reading all that he had to read it. He pointed to 'Uthman and said: May Allah bless you on behalf of Islam and Muslims.
Tabari says: Then Abu Bakr looked at the people. His wife, Asma Bintu Umais, then held him. He says to the assembled people: "Are you pleased with the person I choose for you? By God, I did not make the mistake of trying to get people's opinions. I did not appoint any of my close relatives to this position. I have nominated 'Umar ibn al-Khattab as your Caliph. You listen to him, obey him. ' The Caliphate begins on the 22nd of August, 634AD. It is not possible to discuss briefly the state governance system of Hadrat 'Umar. In less than ten years the whole Byzantine Empire fell to Rome and the Persian Empire. During his era, a total of 3 cities were conquered, including various regions. The systematic establishment of the Islamic ruling took place mainly in his era. All the branches of the government or the state started in his era. His rule and justice are spreading like legends to people all over the world.
Hadrat 'Umar was the first Caliph to receive the title of' Amirul Muminin '. He was the first to introduce the Hijri Sunnah, arrange Tarabi prayers in Jamaat, use ropes or rods for the public rule, determine thirty-eight whips in alcohol, conquer many states, establish cities, divide the military bases, and designate various battalions, national registrars or citizens. Make a list, appoint a Qazi, and divide the state into several provinces. 'Umar said. He was one of the poets of the Prophet. His daughter Hazrat Hafsa was sent to the Prophet. Get married He was the Messenger of Allah. And Abu Bakr said. The minister plays the role of adviser. Before and after the adoption of Islam, the business was his way of living. He continued to do business for a few years even after falling on the shoulders of the Caliphate. But later it became impossible Hazrat Ali. Up to eight hundred dirhams per annum from the Baitul Maal, after consulting the high-ranking disciples, determine the allowance. If the allowance of other people from Baitul Maal was fixed in Hijri 1, his allowance was equal to five thousand dirhams equal to the allowance of distinguished disciples.
Hadrat 'Umar said about the meaning of Baitul Mal. The outlook was like the meaning of an orphan. The guardian of the orphanage, such as the orphan's guardian, maintains the property. Orphans and themselves can spend as much as they need but not waste it. If needed, he or she takes away the orphan's wealth and only protects it, and when the orphan grows up, he returns it to him. By 'Umar. This attitude has always been evident in his actions and behavior. Hadrat 'Umar always carried a rope or a stick. The devil saw him and ran away. (Tajkiratul Huffaz) So he was not oppressive. He was a harsh justice judge. He loved people with his heart, people also loved him. Many stories of his flock are found in history.
There are so many hints and revelations in the Qur'an and Hadith about the virtues and dignity of Azam that the Prophet (peace be upon him) could not be published in any short article. Allah and His Messenger (sm). His place is very near. That is why it has been said, "The Qur'anic verses have always been sent down in support of all the ideas of Umar." Commenting on: 'Khairul Ummati Ba'da Nabiyyah Abu Bakr Summa' Umar-Nabir Sa. Afterward, Abu Bakr is the best person in the Ummah, then 'Umar. Hazrat Abdullah bin Masud says:' Umar's adoption of Islam is the victory of Islam. His Hijrat is the help of Allah and His Caliphate is the mercy of Allah. " It was said: 'Lao Kana or' Nabiyyun Lakana 'Umar - If anyone was a prophet after me,' Umar would have happened 'because he had the characteristics of prophets.
Umar has made considerable contributions to the practice and spread of knowledge science. He emphasized the importance of reading and preserving Arabic poetry. He was very careful to preserve the purity of the Arabic language; In front of him, if anyone made a mistake about the language, he would punish. He believed in learning Arabic purely as an organ of religion. Allama Jahabi mentions in the book 'Tajqiraat al-Hufza' that Umar was very strict in his narration of Hadith, the same Hadith that he emphasized on the narration through various sources. Renowned Companion Mugira bin Shu'a. Fire worshiper Abu Lu'l-Firoz stabbed this great caliphate while standing in Fajr prayer. He died on Wednesday on the third day of the Hijri 20-Zillah. Before his death, Ali, Usman, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Sa'ad, Zubair and Talha were entrusted with the selection of one of the six prominent companions to elect a Caliph. Hazrat Suhaib said. Pray the funeral prayer. Hazrat Siddiqi was buried beside Akbar in the month of Ramazan. At the time of his death, he was 63 years old. His caliphate was ten years, six months and four days.
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